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The naturally occurring prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 or PGE2) is known in medicine as dinoprostone. It has important effects in labour (softening the cervix and causing uterine contraction) and also stimulates osteoblasts to release factors that stimulate bone resorption by osteoclasts. PGE2 is also the prostaglandin that ultimately induces fever. PGE2 also suppresses T cell receptor signaling and may play a role in resolution of inflammation. It is sold under the trade name of Cervidil (by Forest Laboratories, Inc. and Propess (by Ferring Pharmaceuticals). This is a controlled release vaginal insert. Prostin E2 (by Pfizer Inc.), and Glandin (by Nabiqasim Pharmaceuticals Pakistan) as a vaginal suppository, to prepare the cervix for labour; it is used to induce labour. Like other prostaglandins, dinoprostone can be used as an abortifacient. It is a direct vasodilator, relaxing smooth muscles, and it inhibits the release of noradrenaline from sympathetic nerve terminals. It does not inhibit platelet aggregation, where PGI2 does. It works by binding and activating the prostaglandin E2 receptor. It was discovered by Bunting, Gryglewski, Moncada and Vane in 1976. Up-regulation of PGE2 has been implicated as a possible etiology of nail clubbing. It is also implicated in duct-dependent congenital heart diseases and is used in infusion in order to open the duct although PGE1 is more commonly used. Precautions: uterine scar tissues; asthma; low blood pressure; heart disease; adrenal problems; anemia; diabetes; glaucoma; icterus (jaundice); multiparity (number of children a woman has delivered previously); heart, lung or liver disease. PGE2 is a potent activator of the Wnt signaling pathway. It has been implicated in regulating the developmental specification and regeneration of hematopoietic stem cells through cAMP/PKA activity. ==References== ''Pharmacology'' 2007. Rang, Ritter, Dale, Flower. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. Judiths Hopfer Deglin and April Hazard Vallerand (2006), ''Davis Drug Guide for Nurses'',F.A Davis, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A Copyright, 1427 pages. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prostaglandin E2」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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